Seismic vibration control of cable-stayed bridge with a novel device named Tuned viscous mass damper (TVMD) is investigated. Meanwhile a control model is proposed and the control effect is discussed in detail. According to the seismic dissipation mechanism and the mechanical model of the device, the state space model and transfer function model of a multidimensional spatial structure installed with multiple TVMDs are established with a proposed general method. Then, taking the H2 index of structural control target response as the optimal object, the parameter scanning method is proposed to carry out the optimal design of the device based on the H2 control theory. Finally, the 3rd Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is set as a case to investigate the control effectiveness of the device installation. The longitudinal vibration under the seismic excitation is considered, and three control schemes, established with TVMD, tuned mass damper and viscous damper, are designed respectively to evaluate their control effects. The results reveal that TVMD is more significant in the damping effect and energy dissipation.